Comparison Of True Grit And The Outsiders - 1695 Words

Throughout history, many authors have created award-winning novels which have been deemed worthy for a film adaptation. With a variety of these adaptations, the film directors attempt to capture the messages that were portrayed in the book and faithfully develop each of the book’s characters. Moreover, two certain books which were favored for their loving characters and encouraging themes are True Grit by Charles Portis and The Outsiders by S. E. Hinton. While the 1968 western novel by Portis follows a young girl, who goes on an adventure in pursuit of avenging her father’s death, the 1967 novel by Hinton, categorized as young adult fiction, encompasses the life of a young boy and his misadventures living in a small town as a â€Å"greaser.†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦show more content†¦Many would argue that he did nothing in the slightest bit that would make him deserve his untimely death. Another event in the novel that helps build this sympathy is the time when Chaney shot at Frank even though â€Å"[he] was not armed at that time† (14). Readers are able to grasp the fact that Frank, in no way, provoked Chaney. Instead, Frank was unjustly killed by a rifle in the hands of an angry drunken man who was about to make a fool of himself after losing his money. Even though Frank knew confronting Chaney might end in his demise (because he knew Chaney had a gun), Frank decided he would rather risk his life trying to prevent his friend from appearing foolish rather than live with himself knowing he could have done something to prevent the imprudent confrontation. Overall, the way the novel presents Frank plays an important role in how readers interpret the rest of the novel. Because readers know more about Frank’s past as a man of compassion, readers interpret Mattie’s quest to avenge Frank’s death as a journey of seeking justice for a man who did not deserve to die. However, the way viewers perceive Mattie’s adventure is great ly altered in the 2010 adaptation of this film by Ethan and Joel Coen. The 2010 adaptation of this film, by Ethan and Joel Coen, does not capture the important elements of Frank’s life. Even though the film begins with the firstShow MoreRelatedCompare Two Western Films Made at Least Twenty Years Apart on the Basis of the Three of the Five Frameworks Studied in the First Block of the Unit, and the Elements of the Western Genre Studied in the Second Block of the Unit.3922 Words   |  16 Pagesblock of the unit. Films selected: The Great Train Robbery (1903) v True Grit (2010) Introduction: When Thomas Edison asked Edwin S.Porter to make The Great Train Robbery (1903) little did either realise that this film would be the beginning of not only the Western genre but an entire movie industry. The silent classic, The Great Train Robbery depicts a famous railroad robbery by a notorious gang while the True Grit (2010) shows us the beauty and savagery of the West through a tale of murderRead MoreThe taste of melon by borden deal11847 Words   |  48 Pages I hadn’t known I was going to say those words. To this day I don’t know why I said them. It was all mixed up with Willadean and the rumour of Mr. Wills having his gun loaded with double-ought buckshot and the boys still thinking of me as an outsider. It surged up out of me—not the idea of making my name for years to come by such a deed, but the feeling that there was a rightness in defying the world and Mr. Wills. Mixed up with it all there came into my mouth the taste of watermelon. I couldRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesSUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL 24 Diagnostic Survey and Exercises 24 Personal Assessment of Management Skills (PAMS) 24 What Does It Take to Be an Effective Manager? 28 SSS Software In-Basket Exercise 30 SCORING KEY AND COMPARISON DATA 42 Personal Assessment of Management Skills 42 Scoring Key 42 Comparison Data 42 What Does It Take to Be an Effective Manager? 43 SSS Software In-Basket Exercise 43 PART I 1 PERSONAL SKILLS 44 45 DEVELOPING SELF-AWARENESS SKILL ASSESSMENT 46 Diagnostic Surveys for

Analysis Of Salman Rushdie s Essay - 1028 Words

Analysis of Salman Rushdie’s Essay; Reality TV: A Dearth of Talent and the Death of Morality In his essay, Reality TV: A Dearth of Talent and the Death of Morality, Salman Rushdie argues that the popularity of reality television shows should both alarm us and enlighten us as we examine their success. What is Rushdie’s primary argument, and in what tone does he make his plea? How well does Rushdie keep our attention as a writer and are his arguments credible? Are his claims supported by hard evidence or merely conjecture? And finally, from this essay what can his audience surmise about Rushdie’s world view, biases and opinions of society at large and the media in particular? As we explore Salman Rushdie’s essay let us keep an open mind even if reality television is our favorite form of entertainment. Our first clue of what Rushdie’s premise will be is found in the title that points out his opinion that reality television shows are both talentless and potentially immoral. Although his tone is a bit schoolmarmish we are drawn in by his edgy language, for example, â€Å"In spite of all the talk in Britain about nasty Nick and flighty Mel, and in America about the fat, naked bastard Richard manipulating his way to desert-island victory† (1). Rushdie claims very little knowledge about reality television and while not a fan; he only recently became part of the reality TV audience. Can we validate the opinion of someone who has so little understanding of the subject in question?Show MoreRelatedLiterature : A New Realm Of Understanding Of Human Nature And Behavior1761 Words   |  8 Pagesartistic works that fall within a certain central theme; examples of genre include Romance, Mystery, Crime, Fantasy, Erotica, and Adventure. Indo-Anglican novel begins with K.S.Ventkataramani s kandan the patriot (1935) and MulkRaj Anand s Untouchable (1935) and Coolie (1936). Raja Rao s Kanthapura is Indian terms of its story telling qualities Rabindranath Tagore wrote in Bengali and Mukerji was the first Indian author to win a literary award in the united-fiction is best knownRead More Salman Rushdie’s Midnight’s Children Essay4083 Words   |  17 PagesSalman Rushdie’s ‘Midnight’s Children’ 1 Introduction This paper will try to show how Salman Rushdie uses narrative technique, genre and the concept of history in a very new way in Midnight’s Children in order to place his story outside the euro-centric tradition of literature, narrative and history. These traditions, appearing in the colonial period, have constructed a notion of universalism in literature where the ‘classics’ of the western canon have set the order of the day (AshcroftRead MoreEssay on The Media Violence Debate3490 Words   |  14 Pagesbecause of numerous concerns raised with regards to the negative influences that these form of entertainment bring. Many of today’s children grow up with a television at home or even in their own rooms and there have been studies dedicated to the analysis of their impact of a young child growing up to adolescence. Young children are heavily influenced by television and video games, many of which are educational. While there are fun educational sho ws and games that benefit educational development forRead MoreThe Prophet Muhammad: Faith Sensitive and Critical Approach Appraisals2124 Words   |  9 Pagesand perspectives held by different people. The main two approaches are Emic (insider’s points of view) and Etic (outsider’s point of view), where Emic is ‘faith sensitive’ and Etic is a ‘critical approach’ as described by Clinton Bennett. In this essay, I will discuss Bennett’s theory of the faith sensitive and critical approach when studying religion. Thereafter I am going to explore the debates set out by Emic and Etic sources and what they say about the biographies written about The Prophet MuhammadRead MoreIdentity And The Search For The Self Among The Sub Continental Diaspora10173 Words   |  41 Pageslike the â€Å"gay diaspora, anti- capitalist diaspora or networks of terror diaspora†. Brubaker warns that â€Å"if everyone is Diasporic, then no one is distinctivel y so†. In order to put into frame the vast area of diaspora, William Safran in his seminal essay, â€Å"Diasporas in Modern Societies: Myths of Homeland and Return† in the first volume of the journal â€Å"Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies†(1997) categorises the diaspora as a group of people who move to a host land yet who still maintain someRead More Outside the Teaching Machine by Gayatri Spivak2753 Words   |  11 PagesIt is hardly debatable that Edward W. Said’s Orientalism (1978) has been the foundational text of what has come to be known as postcolonial studies. In the book, Said charts the Western world’s construction(s) of â€Å"an inferior East† by underscoring how the authorizing/ authoritative â€Å"Occident† continues to produce an objectified and negatively stereotyped â€Å"Orient;† Drawing on Foucault’s concept of â€Å"discourse† and Gramsci’s notion of â€Å"hegemony,† Said traces the evolution of European power/ knowledgeRead MoreNatural Law Theory Essay6453 Words   |  26 Pagesargument posed by Rasch is that human rights possess personal character which means in spirit that they cannot intrinsically adhere to the cultural, religious and social differences. This contention will be the basis of the remaining space of this essay. Rasch holds, that both Rawls, Habermas who were inspired by the Kantian project of discerning the rational ordering of human society is the project of a â€Å"universalist ideology† that is homogenous and self justificatory. In other words he is arguing

The Long Term Psychological Effects Associated with Sexual...

The long term psychological effects associated with sexual assault includes, depression, substance use, anxiety, PTSD, and decreased self esteem (Foa Riggs, 1993; Resick, 1993). The authors of this article supports current literature which proposes that African American children receives inadequate or inappropriate sexuality socialization and sexual abuse prevention in their cultures and families which may affect their disclosure of sexual assault in adulthood (Washington, 2001;Wyatt, 1992). Comaz-Diaz (1995), suggests that value that is placed on girl’s virginity, the shame of the victim, and cultural silence against discussing sexual matters are family values that are invoked to prevent disclosure on sexual assault. Incomplete or inappropriate sexuality socialization in childhood may affect one’s ability to identify abuse and as a consequence delay or hinder the disclosure of sexual abuse in childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. African American women are reluctant to disclose their sexual abuse publicly or privately (Ullman Filipas, 2001). The authors hypothesize that stigmas and stereotypes serves as barriers to disclosing sexual abuse among African Americans. Specifically, the internalizations of these symptoms and stereotypes may lead women to the misconception, that their experiences as sexual assault and the knowledge that others, uphold these stereotypes and stigmas which can cause doubt and mistrust that systems will not recognize them as legitimate victimsShow MoreRelatedSexual Assault Essay examples1113 Words   |  5 PagesSexual Assault described in technical terms is defined as any sort of sexual activity between two or more people in which one of the people involved is involved against his or her will. (3) The description of against his or her will extends to varying degrees of aggression, ranging from indirect pressure to a direct physical attack. While sexual assaults are associated with th e crime of rape, it may cover assaults which would not be considered rape. What constitutes a sexual assault is determinedRead MoreNegative Effects Of Rape1166 Words   |  5 Pagesworld. Sexual violence is one of the most emotionally and physically damaging crimes committed specifically rape. About 86,000 cases of rape are reported annually in the U.S alone (Seth)! On of the most frequently committed acts of sexual violence is rape. Damaging effects of rape can be life long. Whether or not these effects are visible to the physical eye, they can alter and deeply impact a person s life. According to Samantha Gluck victims of rape experience both short and long-term psychologicalRead MoreDomestic Violence And Sexual Violence1411 Words   |  6 PagesThe term domestic violence is defined as the deliberate frightening, sexual and physical assault, or a behavior that is abusive or intolerable to others as a part of the regular sequence of power and the domination executed by one confidant companion to the other. The patterns of domestic violence usually comprise of the sexual violence, abusing the partner emotionally, psychological assault, and the physical violence. It is dramatic that how the severity and the frequency of the occurrences of theRead MoreSerial Killers Case Study1526 Words   |  7 Pagesin life. This case study will focus on Jeffery Dahmer, while tracing his psychological dysfunction back to his childhood. Though comparing him to other case studies What defines a â€Å"Serial† killer? In the book â€Å"mind hunters† by John Douglass (1998) he explains Serial killer is a term describing a type of killer who kills many people over an extended period. They are generally male and motivated by a variety of psychological urges, primarily power. The United States Bureau of Justice Statistics definesRead MoreThe Effects Of Sexual Assault And Rape On The Mind, Body, And Spirit1393 Words   |  6 PagesThere are many short and long term effects of sexual assault and rape that affect the mind, body, and spirit. Many survivors experience one or more of these effects and they are not mutually exclusive. Many people who go through traumatic events may find thats it can take some time to re-adjust and cope for a period of time after the event. The residual mental, physical and spiritual effect of sexual assault and rape can permeate the daily lives of survivors,which makes it difficult to heal. ForRead MoreBeing Part Of A Stigmatized Group1287 Words   |  6 Pagesthe term sexual stigma to describe this phenomenon in relation to sexual minorities. Sexual stigma, in the researcher’s terms, means that there is an inferior status in relation to a society that does not tolerate of any nonheterosexual behavior, identity, or relationship (Herek Garnets, 2007). An example of this stigma would be a religion frowning upon a homosexual relationship and not tolerating or devaluing the homosexual couple. Herek also describes this at an individual level: sexual prejudiceRead MoreThe Effects Of Sexual Assault On College Campuses1610 Words   |  7 PagesA common worry of female freshman is the threat of sexual assault victimization on her college campus. Although the emotional treatment of sexual victimization is prevalent on campuses nationwide, research has neglected to explore the effect the assault has on academic performance (Faravelli, Guigni, Salvatori, Ricci, 2004). Can being sexually victimized within the first or second semester of a female’s freshman year of college negatively impact academic performance? Current research has shownRead MoreDomestic violence INTRODUCTION is the willful intimidation, physical assault, battery, sexual1200 Words   |  5 PagesDomestic violence INTRODUCTION is the willful intimidation, physical assault, battery, sexual assault and/or other abusive behavior perpetuated by an intimate partner against another. National coalition Against Domestic Violence, Domestic Violence Facts (www.ncadv.org/files/domesticviolencefactsheet) Domestic violence is also referred to as intimate partner violence (IPV), Spousal abuse, and Family violence and dating abuse. It occurs all over the world, cutting across all cadres of the societyRead MoreSexual Orientation And Race Domestic Violence1094 Words   |  5 PagesOctober is also known for being an awareness month for domestic violence. Domestic violence can be categorized into physical, emotional, and psychological violence against not only women but also men. Domestic violence can happen to anyone of any age and gender starting from babies and ending to elderlies in homes they are sent to live in. Regardless of one’s sexual orientation and race domestic violence can occur to anyone who are in relationships. Domestic violence not only affects those who are theRead MoreChild Sexual Abuse Within The United States1417 Words   |  6 PagesChild Sexual Abuse: It’s Prevalence and Severity in The United States Today, Americans fail to realize the prevalence and severity of child sexual abuse within the United States. Though crimes of adult rape are of equal importance, the sexual victimization of children, ages seventeen and under, accounted for nearly 70% of all reported sexual assault cases in 2015. To further the issue, arrests were made in only 29% of these child sexual abuse cases; this means that for every ten sexual abuse cases

Are Girls Get Exposure - 897 Words

Girls get exposure to sexualized messages through, TV, ads, song lyrics, videos, and movies. Television shows and movies depict the attractive, sexy girls as being associated with the popular crowd (APA 6). The APA has noted that advertisements use a blurred framework known as â€Å"trickle up† and â€Å"trickle down† with the sole purpose of making girls appear to be more adult like, and women to appear more child-like. For example, network TV aired a Victoria Secret’s Christmas themed fashion starring models dressed up to look like children. They strutted across the runway in baby doll lingerie as they dragged stuffed animals behind them (APA 12). Music is overflowing with songs that sexualize and degrade women (APA 6). Research has shown that children and teenagers on average listen to more than 2 hours of music a day (Parker-Pope). The message that young people are receiving from both female and male artists reinforce that sexualization of females is norm al and accepted. For example, coming in at number 3, on September’s 2015 Billboard’s Top 100 is male artist OMI with the song Cheerleader (â€Å"Music: Top 100†). The artist describes his perfect woman to be someone who is submissive and knows her place. She is gorgeous and thin and does what he requests. A little further, down on the list coming in at number 7, is artist Selena Gomez with the song Good for You (â€Å"Music: Top 100†). The female artist sings about wanting to look good for a man. She does this by putting on a dressShow MoreRelatedDisney Princess Movies And Childrens Impact On Beauty And Body Image1297 Words   |  6 PagesCinderella, Sleeping Beauty, Ariel, Belle, and Jasmin are all too familiar to little girls. These characters are often the response when girls are asked, â€Å"What do you want to be when you grow up†? When boys are asked a similar question, their responses are much more masculine, a fireman, policeman, or foo tball player. This paper will focus on the Disney Princess movies and the role they play in shaping a young girls perspective of beauty and body image and what effects they have on children’s viewsRead MoreGaming Habits among Genders Essays944 Words   |  4 Pagesgaming, there are major attributes that affect preference such as, exposure, goals, and values. The gaming industry brought in $18.8 billion dollars, an increase of 40 percent compared to the prior year. In 2007 267.8 million games were sold, averaging out to about 540 games being bought per minute. The exposure of games is widely spread, 68 percent of households in the U.S. play games. The difference of however is, the amount of girls and boys playing. A study conducted of 236 students showed 75.8Read MoreThe Effects Of Exposure Therapy On Children847 Words   |  4 PagesWhy You Still Don t Have a Girlfriend If I were to boil it down, the biggest mistake is that they tend to think of themselves as unworthy of any girl. -Tynan You don t see yourself worthy of having a girlfriend. That is why you still won t make the first move. That is why you continue to live in your own little bubble. You need to get out of your head and start playing the game called life. In other words, stop seeing yourself as special or different, but also don t see yourself as anyRead MoreA Comparison of Wilfred Owens Disabled and Exposure Essay1498 Words   |  6 PagesA Comparison of Wilfred Owens Disabled and Exposure Tension and disability. A comparison between two poems, all of which are about war and the effects on the mind. Owen talks about World War 1 and how it can affect different people in different ways, his feelings are echoed in the form of characters. Both poems show how companionship almost ends due to war, all the old friends either die or never see you again. The endings and startings in each poem have the sameRead MoreThe Encouragement Of Real Beauty : Do Social Learning Theory And Social Comparison Theory Still Work?1383 Words   |  6 PagesLearning Theory and Social Comparison Theory Still Work? Yiwei Xu December 2015 Introduction Currently, body dissatisfaction is not uncommon among young girls. Past research results told us that current unrealistic standard of female beauty, which puts a particular emphasis on thinness, is the most likely cause of body dissatisfaction among adolescent girls (Fallon, 1990; Heinberg, 1996; Rodin, Silberstein, Striegel-Moore, 1985). Viewing unrealistic ideal-based images can also result in increased schemaRead MoreChild Marriage Should Be Legal989 Words   |  4 PagesFor many of these girls in India, being married before the age of eighteen has become and reality for these girls. Marriage should be an happy, joyful, and an enjoyable celebration of love for two people who are in love, but for most girls in India and other country this has become and nightmare that they can t wake up from. For these young girls they are forced into getting married before they even hit puberty. A child should be able to finish school and become and independent person, but in IndiaRead MoreThe S tem Field Is No Stranger For Advancement And Innovation1080 Words   |  5 Pagesthe stem fields, the demographics of STEM workers are still highly outdated with its lack of racial and gender diversity. As a result of the growing number of jobs in STEM, organizations such as Black Girls Code are making steps to prepare minorities for these careers. The founder of Black Girls Code, Kimberly Bryant, experienced what she calls â€Å"cultural isolation† during her collegiate years and throughout her career as an electrical engineer. Bryant recalls seeing very few faces like her own andRead MoreThe Impact Of Media On Self Esteem1732 Words   |  7 PagesThe Impact of Media on Self Esteem Starting at a young age, girls are exposed to women with tiny waists and curves in all of the right places. Children grow up playing with stick figure Barbie dolls and watching emaciated Disney princesses on television. Kids come to realize, even before reaching puberty that this is what their bodies should look like. Older children see celebrities constantly flaunting their sculpted figures, which they magically attained effortlessly. The media broadcastsRead MoreWomen s Social And Mental Development1439 Words   |  6 Pagesas though toys. Disney movies have become a significant factor towards children’s social and mental development. In addition, Disney movies has influenced gender role stereotypes in hidden subliminal messages and as a result, it has created early exposure to labeled roles of what it means to be a man and what it means to be a woman. These hidden negative associations of gender can be defined in many ways especially through characterization; this could be seen by examining Disney’s princesses and princesRead MoreThe Media Image Of Women844 Words   |  4 Pagestherefore only women should be participating in it. If a man did decide to do gymnastics or figure skating he is presumed to be gay. With that being said the only time women get the most attention is during the Olympics. Specifically, when they air those feminine sports is when they receive the most amount of exposure in the media. â€Å"Therefore, the only sports in which women may be expected to receive equal (or greater) production treatment as men are the sliver of sports considered feminine,

Historical Background of the 1987 Constitution - 3415 Words

THE BACKGROUND OF THE PRESENT CONSTITUTION Historical Background of the 1987 Constitution The history of the 1987 Constitution began on 11 April 1899, the date when the Treaty of Paris between the United and Spain of 10 December 1898 became effective upon the exchange of instruments of ratification of both countries. But the sources of the 1987 Constitution are (i) McKinley s Instructions to the Second Philippine Commission; (ii) Spooner Amendment; (iii) Philippine Bill of 1902; (iv) Jones Law of 1916, otherwise known as the Philippine Autonomy Act; (v) 1935 Constitution; (vi) 1973 Constitution and (vi) Freedom Constitution of 1986 and its implementing orders. Treaty of Paris Under the Treaty of Paris, the Philippines was†¦show more content†¦The Bill also defined for the first time who the citizens of the Philippines were. They were all the inhabitants of the Philippine islands who were subjects of Spain as of 11 April 1899, who continued to reside therein, and all the children born subsequent thereto. This definition is still good law today. Jones Law On 29 August 1916, the US Congress passed the Jones Law, otherwise known as the Philippine Autonomy Act. It established a tripartite government with real separation of powers; this was the prototype of our present set-up. The executive power was in the hands of an American Governor-General, who was independent of the Legislature, and who was given the power to suspend the writ of habeas corpus and impose martial law without the recommendation of the Legislature. The Legislature was composed of the Senate and the House of Representatives, all composed of Filipinos. The judiciary continued to be made up of the Supreme Court, the CFIs and Justice of Peace Courts. Under this set-up, while the Filipinos has all the legislative power, the Americans had all the executive power and thus, also the control of the government. Thus, in the Board of Control (National Coal Corporation) cases, the US Supreme Court ruled, despite the dissent of Holmes andShow MoreRelatedIndigenous Australians1522 Words   |  7 PagesBritish former colonies. This is because as a state it never signed any treaties with its indigenous peoples. This situation is further reflected in its present Constitution which was framed wholly by the European population representatives devoid of consensus with the indigenous Australian people. With specific regards to 1901 constitution it unequivocally deprived power from the Commonwealth to formulate any laws recognizing Aboriginal natives and went further to excluding them from being countedRead MoreThe Impact Nationalism in Italy and the Austrian Empire790 Words   |  4 PagesThere was no unity whatsoever among the Italian states , and internal violence hindered any progress. The people in the Italian peninsula, though, shared several traits and characteristics; a common language as well as a similar culture, and a historical background. Some Italian leaders began calling for nationalism with the goal of bringing Italy together into a sovereign nation-state with autonomous rule. Giuseppe Mazzini, Giuseppe Garibaldi, and Count Camilo Cavour, may have been the most importantRead MoreThe Rule Of The Ottoman Empire1637 Words   |  7 Pagesmade changes to codes pertaining to personal issues, modifying and modernizing the Sharia. This allowed improvement for the status of women and adding clarity to the laws of inheritance. Legal History and Traditions of Syria According to Collelo (1987) stated, since independence, Syria s police and internal security apparatus have undergone repeated reorganization and personnel changes, reflecting the security demands of each succeeding regime. Between the 1970’s and 1980’s there was more politicalRead MoreIran And Its Judicial System1646 Words   |  7 Pagesmade changes to codes pertaining to personal issues, modifying and modernizing the Sharia. This allowed improvement for the status of women and adding clarity to the laws of inheritance. Legal History and Traditions of Syria According to Collelo (1987) stated, since independence, Syria s police and internal security apparatus have undergone repeated reorganization and personnel changes, reflecting the security demands of each succeeding regime. Between the 1970’s and 1980’s there was more politicalRead MoreThe Roe V. Wade Court Case1586 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract The research that I chose to elaborate my topic on is the Roe v. Wade court case which is about abortion. The case history is about a woman who was single and pregnant; she decided to bring a stimulating challenge suit to the constitution of Texas laws. The laws that Texas made were given to prohibit mothers from aborting children because it was a crime. They could not do it without medical advice for the reason that it was to save the life of the unborn child. As I begin to go into detailRead MoreSouth Korea s Historical Struggle With Tyrannical Rule Essay2059 Words   |  9 PagesAbstract Considering South Korea’s historical struggle with tyrannical rule, the nation has become quite a democratic force, mirroring its European and American counterparts. Being a country that caters to different values, cultures, and social structures, there are some considerable differences of their Criminal Justice System, specifically their criminal procedures, policing, and prison populatio ns. However, due to their adaption of Western legal traditions there are similar marks within SouthRead MoreThe Conflict Of Indigenous Fijians And Indo Fijians : Ethnic Conflict With Political Consequences1383 Words   |  6 Pagespower through the Deed of Cession, but peacefully allowed the Tui Viti to hold a true sense of paramountcy. Although European rule had been peaceful and accepted, the introduction of Indo-Fijian’s by British rule brought on political disturbance in 1987. The Fiji Labour Party-National Federation Party Coalition had more seats than the Alliance Party. The fear of Indo-Fijian having a dominant cabinet brought forth the first violent coup. Lieutenant-Colonel Sitiveni Rabuka took power in an attemptRead MoreNative Americas And The West Of The Mississippi River1438 Words   |  6 Pagestribal nations with fixed boundaries involving themselves in farming, herding, and other activities. The removal of the American Indian from their native homeland is thought to have led to the loss of cultural heritage of the affected communities. Background to the Trail Of Tears The population pressure of Georgia and the entire US was surging between 1790 and 1830. There was a continued western push of settlers and Georgia who were taking American Indian lands forcing these natives’ tribes into frontiersRead More The Life and Political Career of James Madison Essay4338 Words   |  18 Pageswidely known as the father of the Constitution. It is a title â€Å"deeply deserved on many accounts† (Wills 37). Although his many achievements at times are overshadowed by his work on the Constitution, Madison’s life reflects a legislative talent (Wills 3). Through his interest in politics, he was able to shape the forming nation. Education, illness, and religion dominated the beginning of James Madison’s life; the experiences enabled Madison to write the Constitution as well as a number of influentialRead MoreHistorical Development Of Incorporation Law1519 Words   |  7 Pagesinconvenience or disadvantages. Purpose of this essay is to understand the incorporated business framework and to explain in depth that why one or more business owner need to register the business as incorporation. Firstly, essay will have insight over the historical development of incorporation law in Australia since 1901. According to Incorporation Associations (2014) â€Å"Incorporation is a method of registration that gives an association legal advantages, in return for accepting certain legal responsibilities†

Interpersonal Skills and Communication

Question: Discuss about the Interpersonal Skills and Communication. Answer: Introduction: The act of communication is an inevitable and integral part of any society. It is a major phenomenon of the concerned social makeup (Greene 2013). The cognitive framework of the human mind reiterates the importance of communication in every aspect. Based on this hypothesis, the argument revises the weight of interpersonal skills involved while listening, questioning and providing feedback. The chosen scenario and field of application is in a classroom where the process of communication plays a significant role. The discussion summarizes the relevant premises that can be drawn concerned with the interaction procedure. All the three components of questioning, feedback and listening are evaluated in regards to the required interpersonal skills. The essay elucidates the chosen field of education and effectively reviews the prospects of communication in this discipline. This not only discovers the nature of interaction between students and tutors but also facilitates their harmonious enga gement, by virtue of social interface process. Howard Giles highlights on the assertiveness of accommodation which takes place when two communicators interact by employing anyone of the modes of communication (Gallois and Giles 2015).The two factors that have been proposed through this theory are convergence and divergence. The dynamics of speech act theory can be effectively relegated to this dynamics of interpersonal skills that is beneficent in nature. The subject matter involves the perceptions, image and other psychological tools that can be employed for the identifying and improving on the skills (Weekley and Ployhart 2013). Communication Accommodation Theory particularly reflects this idea which applies on the conventions of human engagement techniques (Wood 2105). The American Psychological Association reasserts the foundations of cognitive since and regards active listening as one of the derivatives of the social and psychosomatic experiments that are being carried out (Cahill 2014). Listening initiates the secondary processes of communication. Carl Rogerss emphasize on active listening as a model of perceptions facilitates listening as a core criteria for comprehending the needs of the rest of the premises (Floyd 2014). In order to execute a nice conversation careful and coordinated listening is required. Listening acts as the mediator and reaches out quite effectively. The approach of validating the thoughts and opinions of the speaker are the main ingredient of listening. It is a demonstration of skills those when practiced aids in better understanding, and often preserves patience in the communicator (Jensen 2013). The message which are been conveyed must be heard so that it can be followed by a relevant response. It challenges the endura nce of the listener and nurtures the empathetic nature of an individual. It is equally necessary to hear out, so that there are no chances for miscommunications. Listening is the essential agent of communication in a discipline where the professor and the pupil are involved ( Wilkins et al. 2015). Organizations can attain efficient functionality only when the team has cooperation and collaboration, the practice of active listening can not be acquired in a day. The students should incorporate the habit of listening in their course work as Imparting education and gaining knowledge are the two main aspects in this field which can be further improvised on the ethics of proper listening (Beebe, Beebe and Edmund 2014). On behalf of the arguments developed it can be declared that listening is a potent factor which analyses the course of action between the scholar and the teacher. The feedback premise involves the response pattern in the circle of communication. Communication mechanism adheres to the characteristics of feedback or the response which is developed following the whole course of communication. Feedback has been a vastly underestimated sector in the concept of interpersonal communication (Sommer and Kulkarni 2012). One of the significant skills that one can hone to enhance their attitude and interpersonal behavior is through the right retort at the right place. Any communications have various objectives to meet and one among it is the relevant reaction that is applicable in a scenario of a university, school campus. Feedback composes of the nature of the future interactions between the said communicators. Additionally, it paves the way for the individuals to foster a trusting and cooperative climate in the organization which will evantuaally eradicate the communication gaps left behind due to lack of feedback practice (Baker et al. 2013). There is an inescapable need to develop a feedback-friendly culture in the society to encourage and enhance the meaningfulness of feedback in the public (Sommer and Kulkarni 2012). Feedback from the scholars as well as the students both defines the best communication strategies in an environment which operates on mutual understanding. The accurate way and mannerisms to react to the concerned queries or the topic of discussion composes of the skills required for interpersonal improvement (Jensen 2013).In a discipline that deals with cognitive procedures and thought process, it takes feedback as the real context of the communication. Questioning can be regarded as one of the most crucial process of maintaining the communication cycle (Pezzulo et al. 2013). With a reference that dates back to the age of Renaissance, identifying and raising query upholds the whole scenario. Interpersonal skills of questioning evaluate and assess the outline of the communication (Marx 2015). Skills that aid in resolving issues also inspect more into the concerned matter. The data and analysis that formulates the theories answers the conventional queries. The structure of the communication follows the questioning pattern (Madianou and Miller 2013). The message that is transferred between the sender and the receiver are explored with this premise of questioning. The scope of the topic is inherent and develops new information based on the discussion of the two communicators. The psychoanalysis phenomenon based on the cognition and contradictory ideologies gives rise to questions (Weekley and Playhart 2013). It enhances the thinking and comprehending ability of the two conversant. This hypothesis examines the pertinence of elements those are being discussed through the scope of communication. Question and answer are literally one of the fundamental scopes in a school or academic setup. Naturally the scholar is the recipient of the hypothesis and inferences drawn from the experience and experiments (Madianou and Miller 2013). Questioning skills improve their ability to appreciate and accordingly they subjugate the tendencies of low self esteem and confidence. The elaborate discussions needs approval from the tutors, therefore examination is the organ of questioning in this case. In the same manner, the scholars can widen their scope knowledge and intelligent quotients. Therefore, this analysis establishes a concise argument of the interpersonal skills of questioning through it. The theoretical compositions of the identities of social behavior are complex and multi disciplinary which can be reflected further with the codes of interpersonal skills. Through the involvement of Speech Act Theory and Communication Accommodation Theory, the concepts of communication have been explored. Research and studies have revealed how the interactions and dynamics between the scholar and the professors are maintained. In fact there are various medium of communication but language is considered as one of the vital source for conducting the course of interaction that finds employment through the raised arguments. Listening integrates the communication factors and elements between the students and the tutors. Mainly empathetic and active listening helps in coordinating and reviewing the magnitude of the topic. The declaration of feedback skills in supporting the interpersonal communication is subjective, but is considered as one of the important elements of the interaction meth ods. It helps in retaining the decorum of the discipline. It summarizes and revolves the issue of feedback which is an obligation as response activity is quite natural while presenting any matter. Feedback sponsors and regulates the medium of interpersonal skills effectively. Questioning extends and finally summarizes down the whole process. The critical assessment for the communication can be invested further through the questioning techniques. The information that can be inspected for further analysis takes place through the last premise of interpersonal skills. The arguments criticized by the virtue of the skills demanded by the essay have been discussed focusing on the qualities of listening, questioning and feedback. Reference list: Baker, A., Perreault, D., Reid, A. and Blanchard, C. M., 2013. Feedback and organizations: Feedback is good, feedback-friendly culture is better.Canadian Psychology/Psychologie canadienne,54(4), 260. Beebe, S.A., Beebe, S.J. and Redmond, M.V., 2014. Interpersonal Communication: relating to others, 7thedn, Allyn and Bacon, Boston Cahill, J.L., 2014. University Professors Perceptions About the Impact of Integrating Google Applications on Students Communication and Collaboration Skills.Journal of Research Initiatives,1(2), p.7. DeJanasz, S.Z., Crossman, J., Campbell, N. and Power, M., 2014. Interpersonal skills in organizations, 2ndedn, Mc-Graw-Hill Education, North Ryde, NSW Derlaga, V.J. and Berg, J.H. eds., 2013.Self-disclosure: Theory, research, and therapy. Springer Science Business Media. Floyd, K., 2014. Empathic listening as an expression of interpersonal affection.International Journal of Listening,28(1), pp.1-12. Gallois, C. and Giles, H., 2015. Communication accommodation theory.The International Encyclopedia of Language and Social Interaction. Greene, J.O., 2013.Message production: Advances in communication theory. Routledge. Jensen, K.B. ed., 2013.A handbook of media and communication research: Qualitative and quantitative methodologies. Routledge. Madianou, M. and Miller, D., 2013. Polymedia: Towards a new theory of digital media in interpersonal communication.International Journal of Cultural Studies,16(2), pp.169-187. Marx, P.K., 2015. COMX 115S. 03C: Introduction to Interpersonal Communication. Pezzulo, G., Donnarumma, F. and Dindo, H., 2013. Human sensorimotor communication: A theory of signaling in online social interactions.PLoS One,8(11), p.e79876 Sommer, K. L. and Kulkarni, M., 2012. Does constructive performance feedback improve citizenship intentions and job satisfaction? The roles of perceived opportunities for advancement, respect, and mood.Human Resource Development Quarterly,23(2), 177-201. Weekley, J.A. and Ployhart, R.E. eds., 2013.Situational judgment tests: Theory, measurement, and application. Psychology Press.

Ethical theories Essay Example For Students

Ethical theories Essay Psychological Egoism and Ethical EgoismPsychological Egoism Psychological egoism is the claim that people always act selfishly, to foster their own self-interest or happiness. Psychological hedonism is the claim that people always act to attain their own pleasure and avoid pain. Psychological hedonism is also called the pleasure principle. In these notes, Ill give arguments against psychological egoism. However, the same arguments apply against psychological hedonism. Is psychological egoism a fact (a true claim)? If it is true, ethics is in trouble, because most traditional ethical systems demand at least occasional altruism (unselfish behavior). If psychological egoism were true, altruism would not be possible. We would have to explain apparent (what appears as) altruism as self-interest. For example, we wouldnt say Mother Teresa is altruistic; wed say that shes self-interested. Shes using the poor to attain her own long-term spiritual goals. In fact, people who think psychological egoism is true (such as Thomas Hobbes and Ayn Rand) often use it as a premise in an argument to deny the validity of traditional ethics altogether: 1. (Psychological egoism): People always and invariably act to foster their own self-interest. 2. Traditional ethical systems demand at least occasional altruism (non-self-interested behavior). 3. In demanding altruism, traditional ethical systems are demanding the impossible. (They might as well demand that people fly.) 4. Any ethical systems that demands the impossible is silly and stupid. 5. Traditional ethical systems are silly and stupid. 6. We should adopt a more realistic system, ethical egoism, which demands that we pursue self-interest. But psychological egoism is a surprisingly weak claim. If it is false, then the above argument against ethics is unsound. Here are some reasons not to take psychological egoism seriously. Critique #1: Psychological egoism is not true, on face value, in a simple, naive sense. That is, its easy to think of counterexamples cases that falsify the generalization that all human acts are selfish, i.e., cases of people acting unselfishly. It certainly appears that people sometimes act in ways that are not in accord with their own interests: the soldier who falls on the grenade to save his buddies, the person who runs into the busy street to save a child about to be run over, etc. Psychological egoism is only true if you adopt what Rachels calls the strategy of redefining motives. That is, you insist on claiming that people are really acting selfishly even when they appear to be acting unselfishly. But this strategy has two problems. First, if all human actions are self-interested, then self-interested actions become, by definition, identical with actions. That is, these two expressions denote exactly the same set of actions, and thus are substitutable for each other. It then becomes impossible to disprove the claim that all human actions are self-interested, because the claim, after substitution, becomes a vacuous tautology: All human actions are human actions. Try to imagine what it would take to disprove the claim that all human actions are self-interested. The claim would be definitely disproved if we could come up with one human action that wasnt self-interested, i.e., a counterexample. But if by definition all human actions are self-interested, there can be no possible counterexample. If there are no possible counterexamples, then the claim all human acts are self-interested is not falsifiable. If the claim is not falsifiable, then according to the verificationist criterion, the claim is meaningless. So the claim all human acts are self-interested is either tautologous (true by definition, and therefore uninteresting, like All circles are round) or unfalsifiable (and therefore meaningless). Besides, even if the egoist still insists on claiming that all human acts are self-interested, the egoist must deal with the puzzling fact that some acts appear to be non-self-interested. Now the anti-egoist could say, Okay, I still think you egoists are wrong to say there are no unselfish acts. But even if there arent any, your position is no threat to ethics. There are still the self-interested selfish acts and the self-interested acts that appear to be unselfish. Saying all human acts are self-interested doesnt make that empirical distinction go away. And that empirical distinction is where ethics can start. Well grant for the sake of argument that all human acts are self-interested, and then simply say that ethics sometimes demands that people perform those self-interested but seemingly unselfish acts. The claim that all human acts are self-interested is no problem, as long as some acts appear altruistic. And they do. My Worst Relationship Essay5. Its not clear how an ethical egoist would act as a moral advisor or moral judge in cases where the egoists happiness is involved. Suppose I am an ethical egoist, so I believe that everyone ought to act for his/her own benefit. Say Terry wants to have sex with you, and youre thinking about it, but youre not really sure its a good idea, so you and Terry discuss it. Suppose Terry knows it would be better for you if you didnt sleep with Terry; but Terry also thinks it would be in Terrys interest if you did. Now you ask Terry what you should do. What answer does Terry give, supposing Terry is an ethical egoist? Remember Terrys view is that everyone ought to act to benefit him/herself. Does Terry give you the advice that benefits you or the advice that benefits Terry? 6. Some writers say ethical egoism is ultimately inconsistent. To be inconsistent is to be guilty of self-contradiction. So the argument against egoism is that ethical egoists must ultimately c ontradict themselves. Since self-contradiction is a big problem in logic, showing that someone is guilty of it is an excellent refutation technique. To show that egoists are guilty of self-contradiction, the argument is: suppose everyone were consistently selfish (selfish all the time), and, as often happens in life, some misfortune arises and the egoist now needs the unselfish help of another. If everyone is a consistent egoist, the egoist wont get the help he needs. So in the interests of self-interest, an egoist must reject egoism, at least sometimes; in other words, the egoist must be inconsistent. The egoist really doesnt want everyone to be selfish all the time, because ethical egoism, if adopted universally, would lead to undesirable social consequences. 7. Interestingly, in Egoism and Moral Skepticism, James Rachels argues that ethical egoism is not inconsistent. You can explore that interesting argument yourself. According to Rachels, the best argument against ethical egoism is its unacceptable arbitrariness. The egoist arbitrarily assumes his interests come before those of other people. But as a matter of fact, no one p erson matters that much more than others. Egoism is like racism. Racism assumes that the interests of one race count more than the interests of others, for no good reason (i.e., arbitrarily). Likewise, egoism assumes that the interests of one person count more than the interests of others, for no good reason. How Egoism Might be True Suppose there is some deep sense in which doing what is in your interest happens to be exactly the same as doing whats in the interests of others, such that if you consistently and conscientiously sought your own genuine interest, youd automatically foster the interests of others. Plato thinks this is what would happen in a well-run state. If you believe this and you want to call this ethical egoism, you can, but its now ethical egoism of a much deeper sort. (You could see it as a kind of egoism because youre acting for your own happiness, but its not egoism at all in another sense, because youre happy only if your loved ones interests are fulfilled.) T his deep egoism would also be true if seeking the good of others were, as a matter of fact, the major and most gratifying source of happiness for people. Is it? Note that this question (What makes people happiest?) appears to be empirical, and thus resolvable one way or the other using ordinary methods of observation and experiment. Do you think its really an empirical matter? If it is, what are the facts?